Genus

Pleurophomopsis

Species

nypae

Author

K.D. Hyde & B. Sutton, Mycological Research 96: 213 (1992)

Class

Dothideomycetes, Subclass Pleosporomycetidae

Order

Pleosporales

Family

Melanommataceae

Synonymy:

Description

Pleurophomopsis Petr., Annls. mycol. 22(1/2): 156 (1924)

Type species:

Pleurophomopsis salicicola Petr., Annls mycol. 22(1/2): 156 (1924)

Marine species:

Pleurophomopsis nypae K.D. Hyde & B. Sutton, Mycological Research 96: 213 (1992)

Index Fungorum Number: 9469 Faces of Fungi Number: N/A

Saprobic on brackish water Nypa palm, asexual morph: Conidiomata 180-260 µm high, 150-245 µm diam., pycnidia superficial, with the base immersed, in section globose to subglobose to campanulate, separate, unilocular, reddish brown; wall composed of large, angular, brown cells with large lumina, brick-shaped and arranged vertically at the conidiomatal base. Ostiole central, circular, orange, papillate. Conidiophores formed from the base and sides of conidiomata, hyaline, smooth, occasionally branched at the base, less frequently above, septate, up to 15 (-23) µm long, 2.5-4 µm wide at the base, formed from the inner cells of the conidiomatal wall. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, determinate, tapered gradually to the apices, hyaline, smooth, collarette, periclinal thickening and channel minute, 8 x 2-5 µm. Conidia holoblastic, hyaline, aseptate, ellipsoid to fusiform, smooth, often guttulate, 3.5-5 x 2-2.5 µm. Mounts in lactophenol colour the medium yellow when gently heated. Sexual morph: Undetermined.

Description based on Hyde & Sutton (1992)

Key references:

Hyde KD, Sutton BC (1992). Nypaella frondicola gen. et sp. nov., Plectophomella nypae sp. nov. and Pleurophomopsis nypae sp. nov. (Coelomycetes) from intertidal fronds of Nypa fruticans. Mycological Research. 96: 210 – 214.

Jones EBG, Suetrong S, Sakayaroj J, Bahkali AH, Abdel-Wahab MA, Boekhout T, Pang KL (2015). Classification of marine Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Blastocladiomycota and Chytridiomycota. Fungal Diversity 73: 1–72.

Liu JK, Phookamsak R, Jones EBG, Zhang Y, Ko-Ko TW, Hu, HL, Boonmee S, Doilom M, Chukeatirote E, Bahkali AH, Wang Y, Hyde KD (2011). Astrosphaeriella is polyphyletic, with species in Fissuroma gen. nov., and gen. nov. Fungal Divers. 51: 135 – 154.

Padhye AA, Karpati A, Rosenthal SA, Punithalingam E. (2004). Subcutaneous phaeohyphomycotic abscess caused by Pleurophomopsis lignicola. Med Mycol 42 (2), 129 –134.

Phookamsak R, Norphanphoun C, Tanaka K, Dai DQ, Luo ZL, Liu JK, Su, HY, Bhat, DJ, Bahkali AH, Mortimer, PE, Xu JC, Hyde KD (2015). Towards a natural classification of astrosphaeriella-like species; introducing Astrosphaeriellaceae and Pseudoastrosphaeriellaceae fam. nov. and Astrosphaeriellopsis, gen. nov. Fungal Diversity 74: 143–197.

Tanaka K, Harada Y (2005). Bambusicolous fungi in Japan (4): a new combination, Astrosphaeriella aggregata. Mycoscience 46: 114 – 118.

Wijayawardene,NN. et al. (2014). Naming and outline of Dothideomycetes – 2014 including proposals for the protection or of generic names. Fungal Diversity 69.1 (2014): 1 – 55.

Zhang Y, Crous PW, Schoch CL, Hyde K D (2012). Pleosporales. Fungal Diversity 53: 1 – 221.

Type & Location:

Other Specimens:

Substratum:

Saprobic on Nypa palm fronds.

Habitat:

Distribution:

Brunei, Thailand.

Pertinent Literature:

Description based on Hyde & Sutton (1992)

Comments:

NOTES: Pleurophomopsis a filamentous fungal genus that includes seven other species, which are all known plant pathogens (Padhye et al. 2004), but only Pl. nypae is known from marine habitats (Hyde & Sutton 1992, Jones et al. 2015). Pleurophomopsis nypae has no known sexual morph, but other species have been linked to Astrosphaeriella (Ying Zhang et al. 2012). Tanka and Harda (2005) have also observed a pleurophomopsis-like conidial state in the cultures of Astrosphaeriella aggregata (Tanaka & Harada 2005). However, molecular analysis has not been carried out for Pleurophomopsis, hence its taxonomic position remains uncertain. (Wijayawardene et al. 2014). It is debatable if this fungus from Nypa fruticans should be included in Pleurophomopsis as Hyde & Sutton (1992) as they could not think of a better generic placement for it. Important differences are the reddish brown conidiomatal colouration, orange ostiolar canal, and the yellow pigmentation in lactophenol. In P. salicina, the pigmentation of the conidiomata is dark brown and the cells at the base of the conidiomata are hyaline to light brown and thin-walled without the distinct vertical orientation seen in P. nypae. In P. salicina conidia are globose and 2.5-3 µm diam. but in P. salicicola they are 2.5-4 x 1-1.75 µm which is close to but somewhat narrower than P. nypae.

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