Genus

Manglicola

Species

guatemalensis

Author

Kohlm. & E. Kohlm., Mycologia 63 (4): 840 (1971)

Class

Dothideomycetes, Subclass Pleosporomycetidae

Order

Jahnulales

Family

Manglicolaceae

Synonymy:

Description

Manglicola Kohlm. & E. Kohlm., Mycologia 63 (4): 840 (1971)

Type species:

Manglicola guatemalensis Kohlm. & E. Kohlm., Mycologia 63 (4): 841 (1971)

Saprobic on mangrove substrates, Sexual morph: Ascomata 1100–1750 μm high, 290–640 μm diam. at center, 82.5–280 μm diam. at base, 100–200 μm diam. at apex; obtusely clavate to obtusely fusiform; stipitate, epapillate, coriaceous, olive brown, aggregated or solitary, ascoma wall differentiated into several layers of polygonal, thick–walled cells; ascoma superficial seated on the substratum with a hypostroma, composed of pseudoparenchymatous cells and brown hyphae 5–20 μm diam.; ostiolate; stipe composed of a cortex of polygonal, brown cells. Ascoma attached by a hypostroma immersed in the host tissue of Nypa fruticans. Peridium 30–55 μm thick, composed of 3–5 layers of cells. Immature ascomata are differentiated into a wall composed of several layers of polygonal, thick–walled cells and smaller, thin–walled cells that appear dark. Pseudoparaphyses 1.23–2.5 μm diam., narrow, numerous, septate, simple, trabeculate between asci arising from the base of the centrum, but reticulate and anastomosing in the upper part of the centrum and arising from the venter wall. Asci 440–640 × 30–50 μm, 8–spored, cylindrical, bitunicate, thick–walled, developing at the base of the ascoma venter between the pseudoparaphyses. In mature ascomata branching and reticulate pseudoparaphyses stand between the asci. Ascomata contain 3–5 mature asci and are visible through the thin ascoma wall. Asci with apical apparatus, comprising a lens–shape disk and more clearly defined with ascus maturity. Immature ascospores are hyaline, 1–septate, and not constricted at the septum. Ascospores germinate readily, always from the basal smaller cell. Asexual morph: Undermined.

Key references:

Huhndorf SM (1994). Neotropical Ascomycetes 5. Hypsostromataceae, a new family of Loculoascomycetes and Manglicola samuelsii, a new species from Guyana. Mycologia 86:266–269.

Kohlmeyer J, Kohlmeyer E (1971). Marine fungi from tropical America and Africa. Mycologia. 63(4):831–861.

Jones EBG, Suetrong S, Sakayaroj J, Bahkali AH, Abdel–Wahab MA, Boekhout T, Pang KL (2015). Classification of marine Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Blastocladiomycota, and Chytridiomycota. Fungal Diversity 73: 1–72.

Loilong A, Sakayaroj J, Rungjidamai N, Choeyklin R, Jones EBG (2012). Biodiversity of fungi on the palm Nypa fruticans. In: Marine Fungi and Fungal–like organisms (eds. EBG Jones, KL Pang), De Gruter, Berlin,PP. 273–290.

Raveendran K, Manimohan P (2007). Marine Fungi of Kerala, A Preliminary Floristic and Ecological Study. Malbar Natural History Society, Calicat, Kerala, India, pp 1–270.

Suetrong S, Boonyuen N, Pang KL. Ueapattanakit J, Klaysuban A. Sriiindrasutdhi V, Sivichai S, Gareth Jones EB (2011). A taxonomic revision and phylogenetic reconstruction of the Jahnulales (Dothideomycetes), and the new family Manglicolaceae. Fungal Diversity. 51(1):163–188.

Type & Location:

Other Specimens:

Substratum:

Saprobic on intertidal brackish water palm Nypa fruticans and mangrove wood.

Habitat:

Distribution:

Brunei, Guatemala India, Thailand.

Pertinent Literature:

Comments:

NOTES: Manglicola guatemalensis has been variously classified, but a multigene study by Suetrong et al. (2011) places it in the Jahnulales with strong statistical support but did not group in any family in the order. The family Manglicolaceae was introduced to accommodate the genus (Suetrong ety al. 2011). Placement accepted in Jones et al. (2015). Huhndorf (1994) described a second Manglicola species, M. samuelsii from dead culms of bamboo collected in Guyana. Both species have large, elongate ascomata that extend conspicuously above the substratum. They also share the characteristics of a soft–textured, pseudoparenchymatous ascomatal wall, trabeculate pseudoparaphyses, cylindrical asci attached to a central pad of interwoven hyphae at the base of the centrum and septate ascospores that are brown with paler end cells. Manglicola guatemalensis differs from M. samuelsii in a number of respects: host and habitat, number of asci per ascomata and degree of ascospore septation. Manglicola guatemalensis is marine, asci are few and ascospores are 1–septate, while M. samuelsii is terrestrial, found on bamboo on tepui surrounded by lowland rainforest and has numerous asci and 3–septate ascospores. Huhndorf (1994) referred M. samuwlsii in the Hypsostromataceae, a family with no known relationship to any group in the Dothideomycetes. Manglicola guatemalensis is not widely known and in Thailand it is frequently collected on the basal parts of the leaf petiole of the palm Nypa fruticans (Loilong et al. 2012). Raveendran and Manimohan (2007) collected this species on intertidal wood in India.

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