adarca

Juncigena Kohlm., Volkm.-Kohlm. & O.E. Erikss., Bot. Mar. 40: 291 (1997)

Type species:

Juncigena adarca Kohlm., Volkm.-Kohlm. & O.E. Erikss., Bot. Mar. 40: 291 (1997)

Index Fungorum number:                                     Faceoffungi number:

Sexual morph: saprobic ascomata 225-400 μm high (including neck), 135-200 μm wide, subglobose to pyriform, completely submersed under the cortex, ostiolate, papillate, coriaceous, fuscous, single. Neck 85-170 μm long, 50-80 μm in diam., cylindrical, curved, hyaline to light fuscous, ostiolar canal periphysate; ostiole appears as a small dark dot on the surface of the leaf. Peridium 10-20 μηι thick, composed of 8-10 layers of thick-walled ellipsoidal to subglobose cells, forming a textura angularis in longitudinal section, fuscous on the outside, hyaline on the inside. Hamathecium composed of many thin unbranched, septate pseudoparaphyses, attached at the top and bottom. Asci 115-140 × 10-13 μm, eight-spored, fusiform to cylindrical, short stipitate, thin-walled, unitunicate, wall refractive at the apex, with an apical ring, IKI negative, blue in methylene blue; asci do not stain in Congo red, developing successively on the ascogenous tissue at the bottom of the locule. Ascospores 26.5-34.5 × 6-7 μm, uni- to biseriate, fusiform to elongate ellipsoidal, three-septate, constricted at the septa, second cell from the top usually widest, hyaline. Asexual morph: Hyphae 1.5-3 μm in diam., hyaline to light brown, septate, branched; in pure culture producing conidia and multicelled intercalary chlamydospores, but no ascomata; in nature on decaying insect eggs or larvae embedded in Juncus leaves. Conidia developing directly on hyphae or on non-specialized short lateral conidiogenous cells which resemble vegetative hyphae; solitary, irregularly helicoid, light to darker brown, 4-9 septate, consisting of 1-2 hyaline to light brown cylindrical to obtusely conical basal cells and 4-9 brown subglobose to ellipsoidal upper cells, terminal cell usually darkest, strongly constricted at the septa; cells 4-12 μm in diam., increasing in diameter from base to apex, but terminal cell often not the biggest; conidia 0.5 to 1.5 times contorted; spirals 12—25 μm in diam.; in multi-septate conidia the cells are often tightly joined in such a way that the coiled condition is not easily recognizable and the conidia appear to be muriform. Isolates made from ascospores of Juncigena adarca produce the asexual morph (= Cirrenalia adarca) on seawater agar (Description based on Jones et al. (2014)).

Key references:

Abdel-Wahab MA, Pang KL, Nagahama T, Abdel-Aziz F, Jones EBG (2010). Phylogenetic evaluation of anamorphic species of Cirrenalia and Cumulospora with the description of eight new genera and four new species. Mycological Progress 9:537–558.

Jones EBG, Suetrong S, Cheng WH, Rungjindamai N, Sakayaroj J, Boonyuen N, Somrithipol S, Abdel-Wahab MA, Pang KL (2014). An additional fungal lineage in the Hypocreomycetidae (Falcocladium species) and the taxonomic re-evaluation of Chaetosphaeria chaetosa and Swampomyces species, based on morphology, ecology and phylogeny. Cryptogamae Mycologie 35:119-138.

Jones EBG, Suetrong S, Sakayaroj J, Bahkali AH, Abdel-Wahab MA, Boekhout T, Pang KL (2015) Classification of marine Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Blastocladiomycota and Chytridiomycota. Fungal Diversity 73: 1-72.

Kohlmeyer J, Gessner RV (2011). Buergenerula spartinae sp. nov., an Ascomycete from salt marsh cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora. Canadian Journal of Botany 54:1759-1766.

Kohlmeyer J, Volkmann-Kohlmeyer B, Eriksson OE (1996). Fungi on Juncus roemerianus. New marine and terrestrial ascomycetes. Mycological Research 100: 393-404.

Kohlmeyer J, Volkmann-Kohlmeyer B, Eriksson OE (1997). Fungi on Juncus roemerianus. 9. New obligate and facultative marine ascomycotina. Botanica Marina 40: 291-300.

Maharachchikumbura SSN, Hyde KD, Jones EBG, Mckenzie EHC, Huang SK, Abdel-Wahab MA et al. (2015). Towards a natural classification and backbone tree for Sordariomycetes. Fungal Diversity 72: 199-299.

Réblová M, Miller AN, Rossman AY, Seifert KA, Crous PW, Hawksworth et al. (2016). Recommendations for competing sexual-asexually typified generic names in Sordariomycetes (except Diaporthales, Hypocreales, and Magnaporthales). IMA Fungus. 7(1):131-153.

Image: Juncigena adarca. (a) Longitudinal section through ascoma. (b) Longitudinal section through upper part of the ascoma. (c) Longitudinal section through neck. (d) Periphyses. (e) Fig. 5. Mature ascus with 8 ascospores. (f) Upper part of ascus, wall refractive at apex and apical ring. Figs. (g, h) Ascospores. (i, j) Variously shaped conidia of the asexual morph of Juncigena adarca. Scale bar: a-d= 20 µm; e=20 µm; f-h=5 µm; i- j= 10 µm. (From Kohlmeyer et al. 1997).

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